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Related Experiment Videos

Menstrual-cycle patterns in energy and macronutrient intake.

V Tarasuk1, G H Beaton

  • 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|February 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Women

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Dietary intake patterns can fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle.
  • Understanding these fluctuations is crucial for women's health and nutrition.
  • Previous research has suggested potential links between the menstrual cycle and food consumption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the patterns of macronutrient intake across the menstrual cycle.
  • To determine if energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate consumption varies between premenstrual and postmenstrual phases.
  • To identify cyclical patterns in both absolute and relative macronutrient intake.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of dietary intake data from 14 female subjects participating in the Beltsville One-Year Dietary Intake Study.
  • Examination of energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake (both absolute and per 1000 kcal) during premenstrual and postmenstrual periods.
  • Statistical modeling, including the use of fitted sine curves, to identify cyclical patterns after accounting for individual differences.

Main Results:

  • Energy, fat, and relative fat intake (fat per 1000 kcal) were significantly higher during the 10 premenstrual days compared to the 10 postmenstrual days.
  • Fitted sine curves explained a notable percentage of the variance in energy (14%) and fat (25%) intake, as well as relative fat intake (20%) across the menstrual cycle.
  • Distinct patterns were observed for absolute and relative protein intake, while no clear patterns emerged for carbohydrate intake.

Conclusions:

  • Physiological or behavioral factors likely influence both total food consumption (energy intake) and food choices (macronutrient distribution) throughout the menstrual cycle.
  • The menstrual cycle is associated with significant variations in energy and fat intake, highlighting its role in women's nutritional patterns.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms driving these cyclical dietary changes.

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