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Prostate specific antigen biosensor based on long range surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy and

Yi Wang¹, Annette Brunsen, Ulrich Jonas

¹Austrian Institute of Technology, Donau-City-Strasse 1, 1220 Vienna, Austria.

Analytical Chemistry

|November 10, 2009

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This study introduces a novel biosensor utilizing long-range surface plasmons and a specialized hydrogel for ultrasensitive detection. The biosensor achieves femtomolar detection limits for free prostate specific antigen (f-PSA), significantly outperforming existing methods.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Spectroscopy
Nanotechnology

Background:

Surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) offers high sensitivity for molecular detection.
Long-range surface plasmons (LRSPs) provide enhanced electromagnetic fields and extended evanescent fields compared to conventional surface plasmons.
Hydrogel matrices are crucial for immobilizing biomolecules and increasing binding capacity in biosensors.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize a novel biosensor platform based on LRSP-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy.
To integrate a photo-cross-linkable carboxymethyl dextran (PCDM) hydrogel as a binding matrix for enhanced detection.
To demonstrate the ultrasensitive detection capabilities of the developed biosensor for a model analyte.

Main Methods:

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Excitation of long-range surface plasmons (LRSPs) on a thin metallic film.
Immobilization of a photo-cross-linkable carboxymethyl dextran (PCDM) hydrogel on the LRSP sensor surface.
Application of a sandwich immunoassay for the detection of free prostate specific antigen (f-PSA).

Main Results:

The LRSP-based biosensor demonstrated significantly enhanced fluorescence signals due to strong electromagnetic field enhancement.
The PCDM hydrogel provided a high binding capacity, enabling ultrasensitive detection.
The biosensor achieved a limit of detection in the femtomolar range for f-PSA in buffer and human serum, a four-order-of-magnitude improvement over refractive index-based methods.

Conclusions:

The developed LRSP-SPFS biosensor with a PCDM hydrogel matrix offers a powerful platform for ultrasensitive biomolecular detection.
This technology holds significant potential for early disease diagnosis and biomarker monitoring.
The achieved femtomolar detection limits represent a substantial advancement in biosensing capabilities.