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In Vivo Inhibition of MicroRNA to Decrease Tumor Growth in Mice
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Published on: August 23, 2019

Molecular diagnostics and predictors in thyroid cancer.

Marina N Nikiforova1, Yuri E Nikiforov

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|November 10, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Molecular testing of thyroid nodules improves cancer detection accuracy. Detecting mutations in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) samples aids diagnosis, especially for indeterminate cases, and helps predict thyroid cancer outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Cytopathology

Background:

  • Thyroid nodule diagnosis via fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology requires improved accuracy and prognostication.
  • Molecular alterations in thyroid tumors offer potential for enhanced diagnostic capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of molecular testing in thyroid nodule samples.
  • To assess the impact of detecting specific mutations on diagnostic accuracy and cancer prognostication.

Main Methods:

  • Mutation detection in clinical fine-needle aspiration (FNA) samples.
  • Analysis of BRAF, RAS, RET/PTC, and PAX8/PPARgamma mutations.
  • Correlation of molecular findings with diagnostic outcomes and patient prognoses.

Main Results:

  • Mutation detection is feasible in clinical FNA samples.
  • Molecular testing significantly improves diagnostic accuracy, particularly for indeterminate FNA cytology.
  • BRAF, RAS, RET/PTC, and PAX8/PPARgamma mutations contribute to cancer diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular testing of thyroid FNA samples enhances diagnostic accuracy.
  • Specific mutations aid in prognostication of thyroid cancer.
  • Targeted molecular analysis of thyroid FNA and tumor tissues improves diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.