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Early infant diet in children at high risk for type 1 diabetes

M Pflüger1, C Winkler, S Hummel

  • 1Forschergruppe Diabetes der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany.

Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et Metabolisme
|November 11, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Few families with type 1 diabetes history followed WHO infant feeding guidelines. Improved infant feeding practices are crucial, particularly for young mothers at risk.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Nutrition Science
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Infant diet significantly impacts long-term health and development.
  • A family history of type 1 diabetes (T1D) may influence infant feeding practices.
  • Understanding adherence to infant feeding recommendations in high-risk families is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate World Health Organization (WHO) infant feeding compliance in infants with a first-degree family history of type 1 diabetes.
  • To identify factors associated with deviations from WHO infant feeding recommendations.

Main Methods:

  • The BABYDIET intervention study followed 150 infants with a first-degree T1D relative from birth.
  • Daily records of infant feeding, infections, and medication were maintained by families.
  • Infant growth data were collected from pediatric records.

Main Results:

  • Only 5% of families adhered to WHO recommendations for exclusive breastfeeding for at least 6 months and timely introduction of complementary foods.
  • Younger maternal age (<29 years) and maternal smoking were linked to earlier solid food introduction and reduced breastfeeding duration.
  • Exclusive breastfeeding for >=6 months was associated with fewer gastrointestinal infections and less antibiotic use.

Conclusions:

  • WHO infant feeding recommendations are poorly followed in families with a T1D history.
  • Interventions are needed to improve infant feeding behaviors, especially in at-risk populations.
  • Targeted support for young mothers with T1D family history is essential.

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