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Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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Drug Distribution: Tissue Binding

Upon entering the systemic circulation, drugs can distribute into the interstitial and intracellular fluid of various tissue cells. This distribution is facilitated by the binding of drugs to different cellular components within tissues, which may lead to drug accumulation in specific areas. Drugs bound to tissue components serve as reservoirs that release free drugs back into the system, prolonging the drug's overall action. However, this accumulation can also result in local toxicity.
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Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug-Related Factors01:18

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Drug binding to proteins is a complex phenomenon influenced by various drug-related factors, each playing a significant role in the interaction between drugs and proteins within the body.
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Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate01:27

Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate

Calcium and phosphate are essential electrolytes in the human body, with calcium being the most abundant mineral. Around 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the skeleton and teeth, forming a crystal lattice of mineral salts in combination with phosphates. Calcium plays crucial roles in various bodily functions such as blood clotting, neurotransmitter release, muscle tone maintenance, and nervous and muscle tissue excitability.
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Rapid Mix Preparation of Bioinspired Nanoscale Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications
05:41

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Published on: February 23, 2017

Differences between bisphosphonates in binding affinities for hydroxyapatite.

M A Lawson1, Z Xia, B L Barnett

  • 1Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, The Oxford University Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, UK.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials
|November 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bisphosphonates (BPs) show varying affinities for hydroxyapatite (HAP), impacting their bone retention and therapeutic effects. This study developed a novel chromatography method to quantify these critical differences.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Pharmacology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Bisphosphonates (BPs) are crucial in treating bone diseases like osteoporosis by inhibiting bone resorption.
  • BPs are also investigated for their interaction with hydroxyapatite (HAP)-based biomaterials.
  • Emerging evidence highlights significant, previously unrecognized variations in BP mineral-binding affinities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differential binding affinities of various bisphosphonates (BPs) to hydroxyapatite (HAP).
  • To establish a method for quantifying these binding differences and their potential implications.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a fast performance liquid chromatography (FPLC) method utilizing HAP-coated columns.
  • Elution of BPs and related compounds using phosphate buffer gradients at pH 6.8.
  • Analysis of retention times to determine binding affinities.

Main Results:

  • The FPLC method successfully separated compounds based on their HAP binding affinities, producing discrete and reproducible peaks.
  • Demonstrated significant differences in retention times: zoledronate (22.0 min), risedronate (16.16 min), and NE10790 (9.0 min).
  • These findings confirm substantial variations in BP binding to HAP.

Conclusions:

  • The observed differences in BP-HAP binding affinities are significant.
  • These variations may be leveraged for developing advanced biomaterials.
  • Differences in binding may partly explain the varying skeletal retention and prolonged biological effects of BPs in clinical and animal studies.