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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

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Published on: December 4, 2017

Quantum dissipative Brownian motion and the Casimir effect.

Gert-Ludwig Ingold¹, Astrid Lambrecht, Serge Reynaud

¹Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|November 13, 2009

Summary

We found an analogy between quantum particle thermodynamics and the Casimir effect. Quantum effects ensure low-temperature behavior, and entropy can non-monotonically depend on temperature, even with dissipation.

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Area of Science:

Quantum thermodynamics
Condensed matter physics
Quantum optics

Background:

A free quantum particle in isolation exhibits high-temperature thermodynamics.
The Casimir effect involves electromagnetic fields between conductive mirrors.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore a thermodynamic analogy between a dissipative quantum particle and the Casimir effect.
To investigate the role of environmental coupling and finite conductivity on quantum thermodynamic properties.

Main Methods:

Analogical reasoning between quantum particle systems and electromagnetic fields.
Analysis of thermodynamic properties, specifically entropy, as a function of temperature and damping.

Main Results:

Finite environmental coupling leads to correct low-temperature quantum behavior for the particle.
Entropy can exhibit non-monotonic behavior with temperature under specific conditions.
A similar non-monotonic entropy dependence is observed in the Casimir effect for finite mirror conductivity.

Conclusions:

The analogy highlights shared thermodynamic behaviors in seemingly different quantum systems.
Non-continuous thermodynamic behavior is observed in the limits of vanishing dissipation and infinite conductivity.