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Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...
Magnetic Force01:18

Magnetic Force

In addition to the electric forces between electric charges, moving electric charges exert magnetic forces on each other. A magnetic field is created by a moving charge or a group of moving charges known as the electric current. A magnetic force is experienced by a second current or moving charge in response to this magnetic field. Fundamentally, interactions between moving electrons in the atoms of two bodies produce magnetic forces between them.
The magnetic force acting on a moving charge...
Ampere-Maxwell's Law: Problem-Solving01:17

Ampere-Maxwell's Law: Problem-Solving

A parallel-plate capacitor with capacitance C, whose plates have area A and separation distance d, is connected to a resistor R and a battery of voltage V. The current starts to flow at t = 0. What is the displacement current between the capacitor plates at time t? From the properties of the capacitor, what is the corresponding real current?
To solve the problem, we can use the equations from the analysis of an RC circuit and Maxwell's version of Ampère's law.
For the first part of the problem,...
Motion Of A Charged Particle In A Magnetic Field01:22

Motion Of A Charged Particle In A Magnetic Field

A charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. Consider the field to be uniform and the charged particle to move perpendicular to it. If the field is in a vacuum, the magnetic field is the dominant factor determining the motion. Since the magnetic force is perpendicular to the direction of motion, a charged particle follows a curved path. The particle continues to follow this curved path until it forms a complete circle. Another way to look at this is that the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Magnet Assisted Composite Manufacturing: A Flexible New Technique for Achieving High Consolidation Pressure in Vacuum Bag/Lay-Up Processes
09:41

Magnet Assisted Composite Manufacturing: A Flexible New Technique for Achieving High Consolidation Pressure in Vacuum Bag/Lay-Up Processes

Published on: May 17, 2018

Compaction dynamics of a magnetized powder.

G Lumay1, S Dorbolo, N Vandewalle

  • 1GRASP, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|November 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Adding magnetic interactions to granular piles affects how they pack. Increased magnetic force slows compaction and reduces the final packing density, especially with more metallic grains.

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Granular materials exhibit complex behaviors influenced by inter-particle forces.
  • Magnetic interactions offer a tunable method to modify cohesion in granular systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the impact of magnetic inter-grain forces on granular pile compaction dynamics.
  • To quantify the relationship between magnetic cohesion and packing efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Compaction dynamics of granular piles (metallic and glass grains) were studied under an external magnetic field.
  • Measurements included characteristic compaction time and asymptotic packing fraction.
  • The Bond number (ratio of magnetic to gravitational forces) was varied.

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Quantifying Mixing using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: January 25, 2012

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Magnet Assisted Composite Manufacturing: A Flexible New Technique for Achieving High Consolidation Pressure in Vacuum Bag/Lay-Up Processes
09:41

Magnet Assisted Composite Manufacturing: A Flexible New Technique for Achieving High Consolidation Pressure in Vacuum Bag/Lay-Up Processes

Published on: May 17, 2018

Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials
09:50

Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials

Published on: April 2, 2015

Quantifying Mixing using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
07:33

Quantifying Mixing using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: January 25, 2012

Main Results:

  • Compaction time increased with the Bond number, particularly for pure metallic grain piles (scaling with sqrt(Bond number)).
  • Asymptotic packing fraction decreased with increasing Bond number (scaling with 1/Bond number).
  • Increasing the fraction of metallic grains in mixtures amplified these effects.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetic cohesion significantly alters granular compaction, slowing the process and reducing final packing density.
  • A mesoscopic model explains these macroscopic changes via magnetic field-induced granular chain formation.