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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

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Long-wavelength structural anomalies in jammed systems.

Leonardo E Silbert¹, Moises Silbert

¹Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|November 13, 2009

Summary

Structural properties of jammed spheres near the jamming transition reveal anomalous behavior in the static structure factor, linked to low-frequency excitations. Frictional spheres suppress this anomaly, suggesting jamming transitions occur at lower densities.

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Area of Science:

Physics
Materials Science
Statistical Mechanics

Background:

Jammed packings of spheres exhibit complex structural and mechanical properties near the jamming transition.
Understanding these properties is crucial for fields like granular materials, soft matter, and glass science.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the structural properties of static, jammed packings of monodisperse spheres near the jamming transition.
Explain the anomalous behavior observed in the static structure factor at small wave numbers.
Relate structural features to vibrational modes and explore the role of friction.

Main Methods:

Utilized large-scale computer simulations to model jammed sphere packings.
Analyzed the static structure factor, S(k), particularly its behavior at small wave numbers (k).
Examined the vibrational spectrum to identify collective excitations and their relation to structure.

Main Results:

Observed anomalous behavior in the static structure factor, S(k) approximately k, at small wave numbers.
Attributed this anomaly to an excess of low-frequency collective excitations in the vibrational spectrum.
Found that this anomalous feature intensifies closer to the jamming transition, with S(0) approaching 0.
Introduced a dispersion relation linking structural features to characteristic length scales of vibrational modes.
Demonstrated that friction suppresses the anomalous behavior, indicating lower jamming densities for frictional spheres.

Conclusions:

The anomalous static structure factor in jammed packings is a consequence of low-frequency vibrational modes.
Friction plays a significant role in modifying jamming transitions and structural properties.
Mechanical properties of jammed and glassy media can be inferred from both static and dynamical structure factors.