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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

Cosmic neutrino last scattering surface.

Scott Dodelson1, Mika Vesterinen

  • 1Center for Particle Astrophysics, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510-0500, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|November 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neutrinos decoupled early in the Universe, but their last scattering surface is surprisingly closer than photons. This study calculates the properties of these neutrino last scattering surfaces.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

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Published on: November 15, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Particle Physics

Background:

  • Neutrinos decoupled from the cosmic plasma when the Universe was less than one second old.
  • Photons decoupled much later, at t = 380,000 years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To calculate the properties of the last scattering surfaces of the three species of neutrinos.
  • To investigate the surprising proximity of the neutrino last scattering surface compared to photons.

Main Methods:

  • Cosmological simulations
  • Neutrino physics calculations

Main Results:

  • The last scattering surface for massive neutrinos is found to be significantly closer than that of photons.
  • Detailed properties of the three neutrino species' last scattering surfaces are calculated.

Conclusions:

  • The early decoupling of neutrinos leads to a distinct and closer last scattering surface.
  • Understanding neutrino last scattering surfaces is crucial for early Universe cosmology.