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Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
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Is evolution Darwinian or/and Lamarckian?

Eugene V Koonin1, Yuri I Wolf

  • 1National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA. koonin@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Biology Direct
|November 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evolutionary biology recognizes both Darwinian and Lamarckian mechanisms. While classic Lamarckian inheritance is challenged, phenomena like CRISPR-Cas, piRNA, horizontal gene transfer, and stress-induced mutagenesis suggest quasi-Lamarckian processes are vital for adaptation.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Jean-Baptiste Lamarck proposed evolution via inheritable acquired traits.
  • Charles Darwin emphasized random variation and natural selection.
  • Classic Lamarckian inheritance lacks known genomic mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore modern evolutionary phenomena that align with a broader, quasi-Lamarckian paradigm.
  • To re-evaluate the role of Lamarckian-like mechanisms in evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Review of prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas defense systems.
  • Analysis of piRNA-mediated defense against transposable elements.
  • Examination of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in prokaryotes.
  • Investigation of stress-induced mutagenesis as an adaptive response.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR-Cas systems integrate foreign DNA, conferring adaptive immunity.
  • piRNA pathways in animals defend germlines against transposable elements.
  • HGT in prokaryotes is environmentally influenced and can provide adaptive genes.
  • Stress-induced mutagenesis generates beneficial mutations in response to environmental pressures.

Conclusions:

  • Both Darwinian and Lamarckian evolutionary modalities are significant.
  • These mechanisms represent different facets of population-environment interactions.
  • Quasi-Lamarckian phenomena play a crucial role in adaptation and evolution.