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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention

Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention

Published on: September 11, 2017

Surround inhibition is modulated by task difficulty.

S Beck¹, M Hallett

¹Human Motor Control Section, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1428, USA.

Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology

|November 13, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Surround inhibition (SI) in the primary motor cortex (M1) is more pronounced and begins earlier with increased task difficulty. This suggests motor planning areas near M1 contribute to SI.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

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Online Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Protocol for Measuring Cortical Physiology Associated with Response Inhibition

Online Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Protocol for Measuring Cortical Physiology Associated with Response Inhibition

Published on: February 8, 2018

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Motor Control
Human Physiology

Background:

Surround inhibition (SI) is a neural mechanism that modulates motor cortex activity.
Understanding SI's role in motor tasks is crucial for motor control research.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize surround inhibition (SI) in the primary motor cortex (M1).
To compare SI magnitude and time course between simple reaction time (SRT) and choice reaction time (CRT) tasks.

Main Methods:

Subjects performed right index finger flexion in SRT and CRT tasks.
Single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied at specific times relative to EMG onset.
Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from agonist and antagonist muscles.

Main Results:

SI was earlier and more pronounced for CRT than SRT in right-hand movements.
SI for left-hand movements in CRT was similar to right-hand movements.

Conclusions:

SI occurs earlier and is stronger with increasing task difficulty.
The timing and bilateral effects of SI suggest involvement of motor planning areas near M1.