Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR activation may...

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Relationship between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and postpartum mood and anxiety symptoms: P4 study.

Archives of women's mental health·2026

Same author

PREGNANCY DISORDERS AND MATERNAL CONSEQUENCES: Postpartum mental health after medically complicated pregnancy.

Reproduction (Cambridge, England)·2025

Same author

ARAP3 protects from excessive formylated peptide-induced microvascular leakage by acting on endothelial cells and neutrophils.

The Journal of pathology·2024

Same author

srGAP2 deactivates RhoA to control the duration of thrombin-mediated endothelial permeability.

Vascular biology (Bristol, England)·2022

Same author

The cancer angiogenesis co-culture assay: In vitro quantification of the angiogenic potential of tumoroids.

PloS one·2021

Same author

A functional antagonism between RhoJ and Cdc42 regulates fibronectin remodelling during angiogenesis.

Small GTPases·2020

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

A Simple Bioassay for the Evaluation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

A Simple Bioassay for the Evaluation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

Published on: March 15, 2016

VEGF receptor trafficking in angiogenesis.

Alice Scott¹, Harry Mellor

¹Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.

Biochemical Society Transactions

|November 14, 2009

Summary

Cellular sensitivity to stimulation is controlled by receptor trafficking. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 (VEGFR2) trafficking via the endosomal pathway is critical for angiogenic signaling and cellular events.

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Signaling Pathways

Background:

Intracellular receptor trafficking regulates cellular sensitivity and signaling balance.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is a key pro-angiogenic receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK).
VEGFR2 shares signaling pathways with other RTKs but exhibits distinct intracellular trafficking.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the unique intracellular trafficking of VEGFR2.
To understand how angiogenic regulators influence VEGFR2 trafficking.
To elucidate the role of endosomal pathways in VEGFR2-mediated angiogenic signaling.

Main Methods:

Analysis of receptor sorting and endosomal pathways.
Investigating VEGFR2 complex formation with angiogenic regulators.

More Related Videos

Modified In Vivo Matrix Gel Plug Assay for Angiogenesis Studies

Modified In Vivo Matrix Gel Plug Assay for Angiogenesis Studies

Published on: June 30, 2023

In Vitro Model of Coronary Angiogenesis

In Vitro Model of Coronary Angiogenesis

Published on: March 10, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

A Simple Bioassay for the Evaluation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

A Simple Bioassay for the Evaluation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

Published on: March 15, 2016

Modified In Vivo Matrix Gel Plug Assay for Angiogenesis Studies

Modified In Vivo Matrix Gel Plug Assay for Angiogenesis Studies

Published on: June 30, 2023

In Vitro Model of Coronary Angiogenesis

In Vitro Model of Coronary Angiogenesis

Published on: March 10, 2020

Studying the impact of regulated trafficking on signaling.

Main Results:

VEGFR2 trafficking differs significantly from other RTKs.
Angiogenic regulators modulate VEGFR2 trafficking through the endosomal pathway.
Regulated VEGFR2 trafficking has significant consequences for angiogenic signaling.

Conclusions:

The endosomal pathway is crucial for connecting VEGFR2 signaling to cellular events.
Intracellular trafficking is a key determinant of VEGFR2 function in angiogenesis.
Targeting VEGFR2 trafficking may offer therapeutic strategies for angiogenesis-related diseases.