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Prothrombotic and inflammatory effects of intravenous administration of human immunoglobulin G in dogs
R Tsuchiya1, Y Akutsu, A Ikegami
1Laboratory of Internal Medicine II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan. tsutiyar@azabu-u.ac.jp
Background:
Intravenous administration of human immunoglobulin G (hIVIgG) has been suggested to potentiate thromboembolism in dogs, but supportive scientific reports are lacking.
Objectives:
To determine if hIVIgG therapy promotes hypercoagulability and inflammation in dogs.
Animals:
Twelve healthy Beagle dogs.
Methods:
Prospective, experimental trial. An hIVIgG/saline solution was infused IV at 1 g/kg BW over 8 hours to 6 dogs, and physiological saline was infused to the other 6 dogs. Blood samples were drawn before, during, and after infusion for serial measurement of indicators of coagulation and inflammation. Data were analyzed by 2-way repeated measures analysis of variance.
Results:
Dogs administered hIVIgG developed mildly decreased blood platelet concentrations without thrombocytopenia (median, 200 x 10(3)/microL; range, 150-302 x 10(3)/microL; P < .01), leukopenia (median, 3.5 x 10(3)/microL; range, 20-62 x 10(3)/microL; P < .001), and mildly increased plasma total protein concentrations (median, 6.3 g/dL; range, 5.6-6.7 g/dL; P < .001). Administration of hIVIgG was also associated with increases in fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in all dogs (either 5 microg/mL or 10 microg/dL), thrombin-antithrombin III complexes (median, 7.2 ng/mL; range, 4.9-14.2 ng/mL; P < .001), and C-reactive protein concentrations (median, 2.5 mg/dL; range, 0.5-4.3 mg/dL; P < .01).
Conclusion And Clinical Importance:
Administration of hIVIgG to dogs promotes hypercoagulability and an inflammatory state. This should be further evaluated and considered when using hIVIgG in dogs with IMHA or other prothrombotic conditions.
