Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
Insomnia01:27

Insomnia

Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
Multiple factors contribute...
Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
CNS Depressants: Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines01:14

CNS Depressants: Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines

CNS depressants include drugs from the category of barbiturates and benzodiazepines. They are valuable medications for managing anxiety disorders and insomnia. Barbiturates, once used to induce and maintain sleep, have been replaced mainly by benzodiazepines due to barbiturate's toxicity, tolerance, and overdose risks. They interact with GABAA receptors, leading to sedation at low doses and potentially coma and death at higher doses. Phenobarbital, a long-acting barbiturate, possesses...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The association between slow wave activity and memory improvement following cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia in older adults: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial​.

Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine·2026
Same author

Cognitive status moderates long-term benefits of non-pharmacological insomnia therapy in older adults: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia Versus Sleep Hygiene Education for Prevention of Perinatal Depression: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial.

JMIR research protocols·2026
Same author

Examining fronto-limbic brain and sleep mechanisms of antidepressant effects in cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia.

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·2026
Same author

Cognitive behavioral therapy for menopausal insomnia in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with insomnia and nocturnal hot flashes: a randomized-controlled pilot trial.

Menopause (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Feasibility and acceptability of longitudinal measurement of 24-hour movement profiles across pregnancy using research-grade devices paired with sleep diaries.

Journal of activity, sedentary and sleep behaviors·2026
Same journal

Involuntary Celibacy in the Digital Age: a Critical Narrative Review of the Incel Phenomenon, Mental Health Burden, Ideological Pathways, and Public Health Implications.

Current psychiatry reports·2026
Same journal

Is Technology Remaking Therapy: The Screen and the Self: Telepsychiatry, AI Therapy, and the Defense Against Intimacy.

Current psychiatry reports·2026
Same journal

Bridging Gaps in Perinatal Mental Health: A Review of Peer and Non-specialist Supports for Racially, Ethnically and Culturally Diverse Communities in the U.S.

Current psychiatry reports·2026
Same journal

Psychosocial Preparedness for Disasters: A Scoping Review of International Models and Public Health Priorities.

Current psychiatry reports·2026
Same journal

Artificial Intelligence in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: A Narrative Review of Recent Clinical Applications and Ethical Considerations.

Current psychiatry reports·2026
Same journal

The Digital Mirror: Clinical Potentials and Relational Risks of Generative AI in Mental Health Interventions.

Current psychiatry reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
04:33

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: April 26, 2024

Insomnia and depression: a multifaceted interplay.

Rachel Manber1, Andrea S Chambers

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. rmanber@stanford.edu

Current Psychiatry Reports
|November 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insomnia is more than a symptom of depression; it

More Related Videos

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model
08:15

Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model

Published on: June 6, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
04:33

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: April 26, 2024

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model
08:15

Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model

Published on: June 6, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Insomnia was historically considered a symptom of depression.
  • This view is increasingly challenged by research.
  • The complex relationship between sleep and mood disorders is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on the interplay between insomnia and depression.
  • To differentiate between general poor sleep and insomnia disorder.
  • To explore treatment strategies for comorbid insomnia and depression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles.
  • Analysis of research on sleep architecture in major depressive disorder.
  • Examination of treatment outcomes for depression with comorbid insomnia.

Main Results:

  • Insomnia and depression have a multifaceted, bidirectional relationship.
  • Abnormalities in sleep architecture are observed in major depressive disorder.
  • Insomnia disorder requires specific therapeutic approaches beyond standard depression treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Insomnia is not merely a symptom but a distinct condition often comorbid with depression.
  • Treating insomnia specifically can improve outcomes for depressed patients.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the pathways connecting sleep and depression.