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Related Concept Videos

Epistaxis01:30

Epistaxis

Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, occurs when small, swollen blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane rupture. Typically, the anterior septum is the primary site of occurrence.
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...
Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

An Epithelial Abrasion Model for Studying Corneal Wound Healing
04:45

An Epithelial Abrasion Model for Studying Corneal Wound Healing

Published on: December 29, 2021

[Epistaxis and systemic disease].

Bernardino Roca1

  • 1Hospital General de Castellón, Universidad de Valencia, Castellón de la Plana, España. brocav@meditex.es <brocav@meditex.es>

Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola
|November 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Wegener's granulomatosis, a rare autoimmune disease, can manifest with nasal and sinus symptoms, leading to severe systemic illness including anemia and kidney failure. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for a favorable patient outcome.

Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Rheumatology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a rare autoimmune vasculitis affecting small to medium-sized vessels.
  • WG commonly involves the upper and lower respiratory tracts and kidneys.
  • Otolaryngologic manifestations are frequent but can be the initial presenting symptoms.

Observation:

  • A 77-year-old male presented with nasal obstruction and epistaxis, initially suspected as an inflammatory tumor.
  • Diagnostic workup revealed anemia, acute renal failure, and bilateral lung infiltrates.
  • Inconclusive initial biopsy necessitated further investigation.

Findings:

  • Serological tests for anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) and renal biopsy confirmed Wegener's granulomatosis.

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Fixed Volume or Fixed Pressure: A Murine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
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Fixed Volume or Fixed Pressure: A Murine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock

Published on: June 6, 2011

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

An Epithelial Abrasion Model for Studying Corneal Wound Healing
04:45

An Epithelial Abrasion Model for Studying Corneal Wound Healing

Published on: December 29, 2021

Fixed Volume or Fixed Pressure: A Murine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
16:31

Fixed Volume or Fixed Pressure: A Murine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock

Published on: June 6, 2011

  • The patient responded favorably to treatment for WG.
  • This case highlights the diverse and severe systemic manifestations of WG.

    • Implications:

    • Early recognition of otolaryngologic symptoms as potential indicators of WG is critical.
    • Prompt diagnosis and initiation of immunosuppressive therapy improve outcomes in WG.
    • This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing complex autoimmune diseases.