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Related Concept Videos

Mechanical Protein Functions01:58

Mechanical Protein Functions

Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force. 
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
Energy to Drive Translocation01:37

Energy to Drive Translocation

Mitochondrial protein import is powered by two distinct energy sources: ATP hydrolysis and electrochemical potential across the inner membrane. Newly synthesized precursors are bound by cytosolic chaperones of the Hsp70 family, which guide them to the import receptors on the mitochondrial surface. Utilizing the energy of ATP hydrolysis, Hsp70 chaperones transfer these precursors to the TOM receptors on the mitochondrial outer membrane.
Generally, polypeptides are unfolded by two distinct...
Protein Dynamics in Living Cells01:19

Protein Dynamics in Living Cells

Different fluorescence-based techniques are used to study the protein dynamics in living cells. These techniques include FRAP, FRET, and PET.
Fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a fluorescent-protein-based detection technique used to quantify protein movement rates within the cell. This method exposes a small portion of the cell to an intense laser beam. The laser beam causes permanent photobleaching of the fluorophore-tagged proteins in the exposed region. As the bleached...
Protein and Protein Structure02:15

Protein and Protein Structure

Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
Protein Organization01:24

Protein Organization

Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

F&#246;rster Resonance Energy Transfer Mapping: A New Methodology to Elucidate Global Structural Features
07:09

Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Mapping: A New Methodology to Elucidate Global Structural Features

Published on: March 16, 2022

Long-range energy transfer in proteins.

Francesco Piazza1, Yves-Henri Sanejouand

  • 1Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Laboratoire de Biophysique Statistique, ITP-SB, BSP-720, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. francesco.piazza@epfl.ch

Physical Biology
|November 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proteins efficiently transfer energy across large distances via site-to-site jumps, targeting stiff regions. This process forms localized energy-accumulating modes, optimized for biologically relevant excitation energies.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Proteins are complex molecular machines requiring energy for function.
  • Energy transfer within proteins is crucial for processes like vision (rhodopsin) and enzymatic activity (ATP hydrolysis).
  • Efficient long-range energy transmission is vital for protein functionality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of energy transfer within proteins.
  • To model how proteins transmit energy over significant distances.
  • To identify factors influencing the efficiency and targeting of energy transfer.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of a coarse-grained nonlinear network model.
  • Simulation of single-site excitations and subsequent energy propagation.
  • Analysis of energy transfer pathways and site-specific targeting.

Main Results:

  • Proteins can achieve high-yield energy transfer between sites, spanning large distances.
  • Energy preferentially transfers to specific sites located within the stiffest protein regions.
  • Energy transfer leads to the formation of localized, nonlinearly generated modes that accumulate energy.

Conclusions:

  • Proteins possess an intrinsic mechanism for efficient, long-range energy transport.
  • The stiffest regions of proteins act as preferential pathways and energy sinks.
  • Optimal energy transfer efficiency occurs at excitation energies relevant to biological systems.