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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Veins of Head and Neck01:19

Veins of Head and Neck

The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

Arteries of the Head and Neck

The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...

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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

A Model for Perineural Invasion in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
08:59

A Model for Perineural Invasion in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: January 5, 2017

Head and neck melanoma.

David L Larson1, Jeffrey D Larson

  • 1Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8700 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53122, USA. dlarson@mcw.edu

Clinics in Plastic Surgery
|November 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Malignant melanoma frequently affects the head and neck, particularly the face. Melanoma of the scalp and neck has the highest mortality, with significantly lower survival rates compared to facial or eyelid melanomas.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Malignant melanoma accounts for nearly 20% of all human melanomas in the head and neck region.
  • Head and neck melanomas commonly originate from the face, scalp, neck, external ear, or eyelid.
  • The face, despite its small surface area, is disproportionately affected by melanoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the incidence and survival rates of malignant melanoma across different head and neck sub-sites.
  • To highlight the facial region's overrepresentation in head and neck melanoma cases.
  • To compare mortality risks associated with melanoma at various head and neck locations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of malignant melanoma cases in the head and neck.
  • Categorization of melanoma origin by anatomical sub-site (face, scalp/neck, ear, eyelid).
  • Calculation and comparison of 10-year survival rates based on tumor location.

Main Results:

  • Melanoma predominantly occurs in the facial region (65%) of the head and neck.
  • Melanoma of the scalp and neck exhibits the highest mortality, with a 10-year survival rate of 60%.
  • 10-year survival rates for ear, face, and eyelid melanomas are 70%, 80%, and 90%, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • The face is a significantly overrepresented site for malignant melanoma within the head and neck.
  • Melanoma of the scalp and neck carries a poorer prognosis compared to other head and neck sites.
  • Understanding site-specific risks is crucial for early detection and improved outcomes in head and neck melanoma.