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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies (Mo-GWAS): Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization
Published on: July 27, 2021
Genome-wide association studies--a summary for the clinical gastroenterologist
Espen Melum1, Andre Franke, Tom H Karlsen
1Medical Department, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, N-0027 Oslo, Norway.
Abstract:
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been applied to various gastrointestinal and liver diseases in recent years. A large number of susceptibility genes and key biological pathways in disease development have been identified. So far, studies in inflammatory bowel diseases, and in particular Crohn's disease, have been especially successful in defining new susceptibility loci using the GWAS design. The identification of associations related to autophagy as well as several genes involved in immunological response will be important to future research on Crohn's disease. In this review, key methodological aspects of GWAS, the importance of proper cohort collection, genotyping issues and statistical methods are summarized. Ways of addressing the shortcomings of the GWAS design, when it comes to rare variants, are also discussed. For each of the relevant conditions, findings from the various GWAS are summarized with a focus on the affected biological systems.
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