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Diagnosis and management of aortic mycotic aneurysms

Luis R Leon1, Joseph L Mills

  • 1Department of Vascular Surgery, Tucson Medical Center, Tucson, AZ, USA. chrisandluis@yahoo.com

Vascular and Endovascular Surgery
|November 18, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Infected arterial aneurysms (IAAs) are often found in elderly men and linked to Salmonella or Staphylococcus. Open surgery is the primary treatment, though endovascular methods may serve as a temporary solution.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Aortic Aneurysms

Background:

  • Infected arterial aneurysms (IAAs) are rare but serious conditions.
  • Recent literature primarily consists of case reports and small series, focusing on aortic mycotic aneurysms.
  • Patients are typically elderly males with significant comorbidities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature (2008) on infected arterial aneurysms affecting the aorta.
  • To identify common pathogens and patient demographics associated with aortic IAAs.
  • To evaluate current treatment strategies for aortic IAAs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of papers published between January and December 2008.
  • Analysis of case reports and small series concerning aortic mycotic aneurysms.
  • Identification of causative pathogens and patient characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Salmonella and Staphylococcus were the most common pathogens identified.
  • Atypical pathogens are increasingly reported, possibly due to rising immunosuppression and improved diagnostics.
  • Open surgical therapy is considered the gold standard for treating aortic IAAs.

Conclusions:

  • Open surgical repair remains the definitive treatment for infected aortic aneurysms.
  • Endovascular techniques may be a viable option for high-risk patients or specific scenarios, often as a bridge to open repair.
  • Early surgical intervention is recommended when medically feasible.

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