Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Imaging G Protein-coupled Receptor-mediated Chemotaxis and its Signaling Events in Neutrophil-like HL60 Cells
08:24

Imaging G Protein-coupled Receptor-mediated Chemotaxis and its Signaling Events in Neutrophil-like HL60 Cells

Published on: September 14, 2016

G protein-coupled receptor 43 is essential for neutrophil recruitment during intestinal inflammation

Christian Sina1, Olga Gavrilova, Matti Förster

  • 1Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|November 18, 2009
PubMed

Insights

G protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43) plays a dual role in intestinal inflammation. While essential for recruiting neutrophils to fight infection, it also contributes to tissue damage in chronic conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Neutrophilic granulocytes (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, PMNs) are crucial for combating infection.
  • G protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43), which binds propionate and butyrate, is highly expressed on PMNs.
  • The in vivo function of GPR43 in immune responses remains largely undefined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of GPR43 in dextrane sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute and chronic intestinal inflammation.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying GPR43-mediated PMN migration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized wild-type and Gpr43-deficient mice in DSS-induced colitis models.
  • Assessed colonic inflammation severity through clinical signs, histology, and cytokine analysis.
  • Evaluated PMN chemotaxis ex vivo using transwell assays and analyzed signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Gpr43(-/-) mice exhibited increased mortality and reduced PMN invasion in acute DSS colitis.
  • In chronic DSS colitis, Gpr43(-/-) mice showed decreased PMN migration but were protected from tissue damage.
  • GPR43-mediated PMN migration involved p38alpha kinase and keratinocyte chemoattractant, and affected L-selectin shedding.

Conclusions:

  • GPR43 is critical for recruiting PMNs to control bacterial translocation in the gut.
  • PMNs, via GPR43, have a bipotential role, contributing to both host defense and tissue destruction in chronic inflammation.

More Related Videos

Rapid Magnetic-microbead Method for Efficient Purification of Low-density Neutrophils08:14

Rapid Magnetic-microbead Method for Efficient Purification of Low-density Neutrophils

Published on: November 11, 2025

The MUB40 Peptide for Use in Detecting Neutrophil-Mediated Inflammation Events06:48

The MUB40 Peptide for Use in Detecting Neutrophil-Mediated Inflammation Events

Published on: January 7, 2019

Related Concept Videos

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and produces two-second...
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of cells.
Two...
G-protein Coupled Receptors01:21

G-protein Coupled Receptors

G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase01:26

Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase

The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...
G Protein-coupled Receptors01:15

G Protein-coupled Receptors

G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...