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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Caudal-to-cranial Approach in Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy with Complete Mesocolon Excision and D3 Lymph Node Dissection
06:46

Caudal-to-cranial Approach in Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy with Complete Mesocolon Excision and D3 Lymph Node Dissection

Published on: January 9, 2026

Death after colectomy: it's later than we think.

Brendan C Visser1, Hugh Keegan, Molinda Martin

  • 1Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA. Brendan.Visser@va.gov

Archives of Surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
|November 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Ninety-day mortality significantly underestimates the true risk following colorectal surgery (CRS). Including 90-day mortality as a standard outcome measure provides a more accurate assessment for patient counseling and risk evaluation.

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Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice
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Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Caudal-to-cranial Approach in Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy with Complete Mesocolon Excision and D3 Lymph Node Dissection
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Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice
08:20

Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: July 12, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Surgery
  • Outcomes Research
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Clinical outcomes require objective assessment and professional accountability.
  • Accurate operative risk estimation is crucial for informed consent.
  • Current 30-day mortality metrics for colorectal surgery (CRS) may not fully represent true patient risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the adequacy of 30-day mortality as a sole indicator of risk after colorectal surgery.
  • To compare 30-day and 90-day mortality rates in a prospective cohort undergoing CRS.
  • To determine if 90-day mortality offers a more comprehensive measure of operative risk.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study at a university-affiliated Veterans Affairs Medical Center.
  • Analysis of 186 patients undergoing colorectal resections captured in the Veterans Affairs National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (VA-NSQIP) database (2000-2006).
  • Comparison of 30-day and 90-day mortality rates for elective and emergency procedures.

Main Results:

  • Overall 30-day mortality was 4.3%, while 90-day mortality rose to 9.1%.
  • For elective CRS, 30-day mortality was 1.4% versus 4.1% at 90 days.
  • Emergency CRS showed 30-day mortality of 15.8%, increasing to 28.9% at 90 days.

Conclusions:

  • Thirty-day mortality significantly underreports the actual risk of death after colorectal surgery.
  • Ninety-day mortality provides a more accurate and complete estimation of risk for patients.
  • Ninety-day mortality should be adopted as a standard outcome measure in colorectal surgery assessments.