Sensitization to aztreonam and cross-reactivity with other beta-lactam antibiotics in high-risk patients with cystic fibrosis
- 1Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Calif.
- 0Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Calif.
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Aztreonam is generally safe for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients allergic to other beta-lactam antibiotics (BLAs). While some cross-reactivity exists, immunogenicity appears low, but caution is advised due to potential sensitization.
Area Of Science
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
- Clinical Medicine
Background
- Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) often have allergies to beta-lactam antibiotics (BLAs).
- Investigating aztreonam's safety and immunogenicity in this high-risk group is crucial.
Purpose Of The Study
- To assess the immunogenicity, allergenicity, and cross-reactivity of aztreonam in CF patients with prior BLA allergies.
- To determine the risk of allergic reactions and sensitization to aztreonam in this population.
Main Methods
- Skin tests (STs) and serologic testing (IgE, IgG) were used to evaluate reactions to penicillin, cephalosporins, and aztreonam.
- 21 CF patients with documented allergies to other BLAs were enrolled.
Main Results
- 90% of patients showed positive skin tests to other BLAs.
- Initially, 20 out of 21 patients had negative aztreonam skin tests.
- Four patients developed sensitization to aztreonam after treatment, with allergic reactions observed in three.
- No aztreonyl-specific IgE or IgG antibodies were detected, even in allergic patients.
Conclusions
- Aztreonam is generally well-tolerated in CF patients allergic to other BLAs, with low detected immunogenicity.
- Preexisting cross-reactivity (5%) and sensitization rates (20%) warrant caution when prescribing aztreonam to BLA-allergic CF patients.
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