Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
Published on: September 5, 2017
Prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection in hospitalized patients with tuberculosis
M de Lourdes Bastos1, B Osterbauer, D L Mesquita
1Hospital Especializado Octávio Mangabeira, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Objective:
Reports have suggested that human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) may influence immunological response and therefore the clinical course of tuberculosis (TB) in co-infected individuals. We wished to determine the prevalence of HTLV-1 infection among hospitalized patients in Salvador, Brazil, a region endemic for both HTLV-1 infection and latent TB infection.
Design:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at a pulmonary disease hospital between 1 September 2006 and 31 August 2007. Study participants were interviewed and tested for HTLV-1 infection and current or past episode of TB.
Results:
Of 607 participants recruited into the study, 360 (59.3%) had a current or past history of TB and 50 (8.2%) had HTLV-1 infection; 39 (6.4%) had both. After controlling for confounding variables, we found that the odds of patients with a positive HTLV-1 test having TB were 2.6 times the odds in those who tested negative for HTLV-1 infection (95%CI 1.2-5.4).
Conclusion:
In a region endemic for both TB and HTLV-1 infection, HTLV-1 infection increases the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Such a risk may influence TB transmission and the epidemiology of the disease in this community.
Related Concept Videos
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Tuberculosis
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

