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Pulmonary tuberculosis in adolescents: radiographic features
C Sant'Anna1, M F March, M Barreto
1Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. clemax@vetor.com.br
Summary
Radiographic features of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Brazilian adolescents were analyzed. Most cases presented adult-like patterns, with post-primary tuberculosis being the most common radiographic lesion.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Radiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a significant global health concern.
- Adolescent PTB can present with varied radiographic manifestations.
- Understanding these patterns is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the radiographic features of pulmonary tuberculosis in Brazilian adolescents.
- To compare PTB presentations in different age groups within adolescence.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive analysis of radiographic report forms from 907 adolescents in two Brazilian cities.
- Categorization of radiographic lesions including post-primary tuberculosis, tuberculous expansile pneumonia, and primary complex with adenomegaly.
- Comparison of cavitary lesion prevalence between younger children (0-15 years) and older adolescents (16-19 years).
Main Results:
- Post-primary tuberculosis was the most frequent radiographic lesion (53.3%).
- Tuberculous expansile pneumonia (27%) and primary complex with adenomegaly (1.8%) were also observed.
- Cavitary lesions were more prevalent in older adolescents (36.1%) compared to younger children (27.6%).
- The majority of PTB cases exhibited radiographic forms similar to those seen in adults.
Conclusions:
- Adolescent pulmonary tuberculosis in Brazil often mirrors adult radiographic presentations.
- Age-related differences in cavitary lesion prevalence exist within the adolescent population.
- Radiographic pattern analysis is essential for diagnosing PTB in adolescents.
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