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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy During Reactive Hyperemia for the Assessment of Lower Limb Vascular Function
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Ophthalmic arterial hemodynamics during isometric exercise.

D Beck1, A Harris, D Evans

  • 1Departments of *Ophthalmology and daggerPhysiology and Biophysics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, and double daggerMedical Sciences Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, U.S.A.

Journal of Glaucoma
|November 19, 2009
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Summary

Isometric exercise increases ocular perfusion pressure by raising systemic blood pressure and lowering intraocular pressure. This suggests ocular blood flow may be autoregulated by adjustments in blood vessels before the orbit.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Exercise Science

Background:

  • Isometric exercise is known to increase systemic arterial pressure.
  • Simultaneously, it can lower intraocular pressure.
  • These combined effects influence ocular perfusion pressure and orbital circulation autoregulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of isometric exercise on ophthalmic arterial hemodynamics.
  • To assess changes in ocular perfusion pressure during isometric exercise.
  • To determine if ocular blood flow autoregulation occurs during isometric exercise.

Main Methods:

  • 17 healthy subjects performed 10 minutes of isometric handgrip exercise at 20% maximal force.
  • Ophthalmic arterial hemodynamics were measured using color Doppler imaging.
  • Systemic arterial pressure, intraocular pressure, and ophthalmic artery velocities were recorded.

Main Results:

  • Isometric handgrip increased systolic, diastolic, and mean systemic pressures.
  • Intraocular pressure decreased, leading to an increased calculated ocular perfusion pressure.
  • Despite increased ocular perfusion pressure, ophthalmic artery velocities indicated reduced vascular resistance, not vasoconstriction.

Conclusions:

  • Isometric exercise increases ocular perfusion pressure.
  • This increase is associated with decreased vascular resistance distal to the ophthalmic artery.
  • Ocular blood flow or microvascular pressures may be autoregulated by vascular adjustments proximal to the orbit.