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Ecosystem stewardship: sustainability strategies for a rapidly changing planet
F Stuart Chapin1, Stephen R Carpenter, Gary P Kofinas
1Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA. terry.chapin@alaska.edu
Abstract:
Ecosystem stewardship is an action-oriented framework intended to foster the social-ecological sustainability of a rapidly changing planet. Recent developments identify three strategies that make optimal use of current understanding in an environment of inevitable uncertainty and abrupt change: reducing the magnitude of, and exposure and sensitivity to, known stresses; focusing on proactive policies that shape change; and avoiding or escaping unsustainable social-ecological traps. As we discuss here, all social-ecological systems are vulnerable to recent and projected changes but have sources of adaptive capacity and resilience that can sustain ecosystem services and human well-being through active ecosystem stewardship.
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