Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Determining The Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold Following a Single Visit Exercise Test
Published on: July 27, 2015
Magnitude and rate of mechanical loading of a variety of exercise modes
William P Ebben1, McKenzie L Fauth, Clare E Kaufmann
1Department of Physical Therapy, Program in Exercise Science, Strength and Conditioning Research Laboratory, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. webben70@hotmail.com
Abstract:
This study evaluated impulse (I), peak ground reaction forces (GRF), and the rate of force development (RFD) of a variety of exercise modes for the purpose of estimating the magnitude and rate of mechanical loading as a measure of osteogenic potential. Twenty-three subjects participated in this study (mean +/- SD, age 21.2 +/- 1.4 years; body mass 77.8 +/- 16.2 kg). Kinetic data were obtained via a force platform for the test exercises modes, which included walking, jogging, depth jumps, loaded jump squats, and the back squat. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed significant main effects for I, GRF, and RFD (p < or = 0.001). Bonferroni-adjusted post hoc analyses demonstrated that I and GRF were different between each exercise mode and that RFD was different between all exercise modes except for jogging and the back squat. The depth jump demonstrated the highest GRF and RFD, while the back squat produced the highest I. The jump squat produced the second highest value for all the variables assessed. Thus, the depth jump, jump squat, and back squat appear to offer the greatest potential as osteogenic stimuli and a mixed mode training strategy including exercises such as these is recommended. These results suggest that walking and jogging may have less osteogenic potential.
More Related Videos
07:44Construction of Constant-Load (Isotonic) and Constant-Velocity (Isokinetic) Torque-Velocity-Power Profiles In vivo for the Rat Plantar Flexors
Published on: October 3, 2025
07:40Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training
Published on: October 10, 2019
Related Concept Videos
Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Exercise and Muscle Performance
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance
Motor Unit Stimulation
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
Exercise and Cardiac Output
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...
Impact Loading
In cases of elastic deformation,...