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Related Concept Videos

iChip01:24

iChip

The cultivation of environmental microorganisms has long been hindered by the inability to replicate complex native conditions in vitro. The isolation chip (iChip) addresses this limitation by facilitating the growth of previously uncultivable microorganisms through in situ incubation. Designed for high-throughput microbial cultivation, the iChip comprises hundreds of microchambers, each capable of housing a single microbial cell. These microchambers are loaded with a mixture of molten agar and...
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...

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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Interrogating Individual Autoreactive Germinal Centers by Photoactivation in a Mixed Chimeric Model of Autoimmunity
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Naturally acquired microchimerism.

Hilary S Gammill1, J Lee Nelson

  • 1Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. hgammill@u.washington.edu

The International Journal of Developmental Biology
|November 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Maternal-fetal cell trafficking during pregnancy results in microchimerism, where cells from one individual are found in another. This phenomenon has implications for prenatal diagnosis, pregnancy complications, and long-term health outcomes.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Bi-directional transplacental trafficking of cells and cell-free substances is a normal aspect of pregnancy.
  • Microchimerism, the presence of cells from a genetically distinct individual, commonly arises from maternal-fetal cell exchange.
  • Naturally acquired microchimerism is distinct from iatrogenic causes like transplantation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of microchimerism during pregnancy.
  • To explore the role of microchimerism in prenatal diagnosis and pregnancy complications like preeclampsia.
  • To examine the long-term consequences of persistent fetal and maternal microchimerism.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on maternal-fetal trafficking and microchimerism.
  • Analysis of studies investigating fetal microchimerism in maternal blood for diagnostic purposes.
  • Examination of research on the association between microchimerism and autoimmune diseases, particularly rheumatoid arthritis.

Main Results:

  • Fetal microchimerism can be detected in maternal blood for prenatal diagnosis.
  • Microchimerism may provide insights into the pathogenesis of pregnancy complications and autoimmune diseases.
  • Microchimerism persists long-term in both mother and child, with potential for both adverse and beneficial health effects.

Conclusions:

  • Microchimerism is a significant biological consequence of pregnancy with lasting effects.
  • Further research into the long-term impacts of microchimerism is crucial for understanding maternal and child health.
  • Understanding microchimerism opens avenues for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.