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[Transfusion-associated HIV infections in Switzerland 1982-1989].

M Scheuring1, M Frey-Wettstein

  • 1Zürcher Blutspendedienst SRK, Blutspendezentrum Limmattal, Spitalstrasse 32, CH-8952 Schlieren.

Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift
|January 19, 1991
PubMed
Summary

In Switzerland, blood transfusions transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to an estimated 170 individuals before 1985. Of those infected, 11 developed AIDS and died, with an average incubation period of 54 months.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection poses a significant public health challenge.
  • Blood transfusions have historically been a route of HIV transmission.
  • Early HIV screening methods were not universally available.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of transfusion-associated HIV infections in Switzerland.
  • To determine the incidence and outcomes of HIV infection acquired through blood transfusions.
  • To estimate the number of individuals infected before widespread HIV testing.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of recorded HIV cases in Switzerland.
  • Review of patient data including clinical status, survival, and transmission.

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  • Estimation of pre-screening infection rates based on available data.

    • Main Results:

    • 19 HIV infections via transfusion recorded by summer 1987, with 15 more by 1989.
    • By December 1989, among transfusion-associated cases: 7 asymptomatic, 4 ARC, 5 AIDS, 11 deceased from AIDS.
    • Estimated 170 individuals infected before fall 1985; only 31% (20% recorded) identified.
    • Average incubation to AIDS diagnosis: 54 months; mean survival post-AIDS diagnosis: 57 months for those deceased.
    • HIV transmission to sexual partners occurred in 6 instances.

    Conclusions:

    • Transfusion-associated HIV infection was a significant issue in Switzerland prior to effective screening.
    • The majority of HIV infections acquired through transfusion before 1985 remain unrecorded.
    • HIV infection significantly impacts patient health, leading to AIDS and mortality, with potential for sexual transmission.