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Functionalized graphene sheet colloids for enhanced fuel/propellant combustion.

Justin L Sabourin¹, Daniel M Dabbs, Richard A Yetter

¹Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

|November 21, 2009

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Adding functionalized graphene or metal hydroxides to nitromethane monopropellant significantly boosts burning rates and lowers ignition temperatures. Graphene suspensions showed over 175% increase in combustion performance.

Area of Science:

Propellants and Energetic Materials
Combustion Science
Nanomaterials

Background:

Nitromethane is a widely used monopropellant.
Improving propellant performance is crucial for various applications.
Nanomaterials offer potential for enhancing energetic material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of functionalized graphene sheets and metal hydroxides on nitromethane combustion.
To compare the burning rates and ignition temperatures of nitromethane with its colloidal suspensions.

Main Methods:

Determined linear steady-state burning rates of nitromethane and its colloidal suspensions.
Tested under pressures ranging from 3.35 to 14.4 MPa using argon as pressurizing fluid.
Measured ignition temperatures and burning rates at room temperature.

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Main Results:

Colloidal suspensions exhibited lower ignition temperatures and increased burning rates compared to pure nitromethane.
Nitromethane suspensions with functionalized graphene sheets showed significantly enhanced burning rates (over 175%).
Performance enhancement increased with additive concentration but decreased with rising pressure.

Conclusions:

Functionalized graphene and metal hydroxides effectively enhance nitromethane combustion.
Graphene-based additives offer substantial improvements in burning rate for monopropellants.
Pressure significantly influences the effectiveness of these additive-enhanced propellants.