Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Menopause

Menopause

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...

Depression: Overview

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...

Long-term Depression

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

Long-term Depression

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Predictive value of C-reactive protein and hematologic ratios for metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia.

Spanish journal of psychiatry and mental health·2026

Same author

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in depressed patients with suicidal behavior: A systematic review.

European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists·2023

Same author

Trends in the incidence of hospital-treated suicide attempts during the COVID-19 pandemic in Oviedo, Spain.

European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists·2023

Same author

Corrigendum to "Spanish validation of the Barcelona TEMPS-A questionnaire in patients with bipolar disorder and general population" [J. Affect. Disord. 249 (2019) 199-207 (Apr 15)].

Journal of affective disorders·2022

Same author

Smoking cessation improves clinical outcome in severe mental disorders and is modulated by genetic variability at CHRNA5 gene.

Schizophrenia research·2020

Same author

Phenotypic factors associated with amisulpride-induced weight gain in first-episode psychosis patients (from the OPTiMiSE cohort).

Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica·2019

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Exploring Independent Effects of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone In Vivo in a Mouse Model

Exploring Independent Effects of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone In Vivo in a Mouse Model

Published on: August 11, 2023

[Depression and perimenopause: a review].

M P García-Portilla¹

¹Area de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Oviedo, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain. albert@uniovi.es

Actas Espanolas De Psiquiatria

|November 21, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Women experience higher risks of depressive disorders, especially during perimenopause. This transition period may increase vulnerability to depression, particularly for those with a history of depressive symptoms.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Exploring Independent Effects of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone In Vivo in a Mouse Model

Exploring Independent Effects of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone In Vivo in a Mouse Model

Published on: August 11, 2023

Area of Science:

Psychiatry and Mental Health
Reproductive Endocrinology
Epidemiology

Context:

Depressive symptoms and disorders are highly prevalent across the lifespan, with a notable increase in middle-aged individuals.
Women exhibit a 1.5-3 times higher risk of developing depressive disorders from adolescence compared to men.
The menopausal transition (perimenopause) is traditionally considered a period of heightened vulnerability to depression, though this remains debated.

Purpose:

To explore the association between perimenopause and the onset of depressive symptoms and disorders.
To review the potential contributing factors, including genetic, hormonal, psychological, and sociocultural influences on depression during this life stage.
To outline current treatment strategies for depressive disorders, encompassing pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy.

Summary:

Perimenopause is increasingly recognized as a period associated with the emergence of depressive symptoms and new-onset depressive disorders, especially in women with a prior history of depression.
While genetic, hormonal, psychological, and sociocultural factors are implicated in the etiopathogeny of perimenopausal depression, conclusive evidence is lacking.
Treatment is tailored to disorder severity, typically involving antidepressants and/or psychotherapy, with hormone replacement therapy (estrogens) under ongoing discussion.

Impact:

Highlights the heightened risk of depression during perimenopause, emphasizing the need for targeted screening and intervention in this demographic.
Underscores the multifactorial nature of perimenopausal depression, advocating for comprehensive research into its underlying causes.
Informs clinical practice regarding evidence-based treatment options and the controversial role of hormone replacement therapy in managing perimenopausal depression.