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Related Concept Videos

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask01:26

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask

The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
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Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
PPE Use in Healthcare Settings I: Donning01:22

PPE Use in Healthcare Settings I: Donning

Donning PPE must be completed before contact with the patient. This process protects from infectious agents. The sequence and action included in each donning are critical, and the steps must be systematic to avoid exposure to pathogens. The institutional policy also needs to be followed while donning PPE. The pre-donning preparations are gathering equipment, inspecting the PPE equipment for tears, holes, or damage, removing jewelry, removing any garments below the elbows, and tying the hair...
Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
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PPE Use in Healthcare Settings II: Doffing01:10

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The sequence of removing or doffing PPE starts with the gloves, as they are the most contaminated. Next is removal of the face shield or goggles, as they would interfere with removing other PPE. Then remove the gown, followed by the mask or respirator. Perform hand hygiene between steps if hands become contaminated and immediately after removing all PPE. Generally, the outside front and sleeves of the isolation gown, the goggles or the mask, the respirator, and the face shield are contaminated.
Tracheostomy Care II: Procedure01:25

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Nasal Wipes for Influenza A Virus Detection and Isolation from Swine
05:59

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Published on: December 4, 2015

Using half-facepiece respirators for H1N1.

Scott Larson

    Occupational Health & Safety (Waco, Tex.)
    |November 26, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Higher filtration levels in particle respirators do not improve contaminant reduction. The assigned protection factor (APF) of a respirator, not its filter, dictates exposure reduction. Surgical masks lack APFs and are unsuitable for worker particle exposure protection.

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    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Health and Safety
    • Respiratory Protection Devices
    • Industrial Hygiene

    Background:

    • Respirators protect against airborne contaminants.
    • Understanding respirator performance is crucial for worker safety.
    • Various respiratory protective devices exist, including respirators and surgical masks.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To clarify the factors influencing a respirator's effectiveness in reducing contaminant exposure.
    • To differentiate the roles of filtration level and assigned protection factor (APF) in respirator performance.
    • To address the appropriate use of surgical masks in occupational settings for particle exposure.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of respirator standards and performance metrics.
    • Analysis of the relationship between filtration efficiency and exposure reduction.
    • Evaluation of the regulatory status and intended use of surgical masks versus respirators.

    Main Results:

    • Increased respirator filtration level does not correlate with increased user exposure reduction.
    • The respirator's Assigned Protection Factor (APF) is the primary determinant of potential exposure reduction.
    • Surgical masks not approved as filtering facepiece respirators lack an APF and are not validated for reducing worker exposure to airborne particles.

    Conclusions:

    • Respirator effectiveness is determined by its APF, not solely its filtration level.
    • Workers should not rely on surgical masks for protection against airborne particles in occupational settings.
    • Proper selection of respirators based on APF is essential for effective respiratory protection.