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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
Coagulation01:09

Coagulation

The coagulation phase is a critical part of the body's process to prevent blood loss following injury to blood vessels. It involves chemical reactions that form a clot to seal the injured area. The clotting process begins shortly after injury, within 15-20 seconds for severe damage and 1-2 minutes for minor injuries.
During the coagulation phase, clotting factors, or procoagulants, play a vital role in initiating and progressing the coagulation cascade. This cascade is a series of reactions...
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis01:20

Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis

Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which forms a...
Introduction to Hemostasis01:05

Introduction to Hemostasis

Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
The three phases of hemostasis involve many clotting factors present in plasma and several substances released by platelets and injured tissue cells. It is a fast, localized, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

The Nijmegen Hemostasis Assay: Simultaneous Fluorogenic Measurement of Thrombin and Plasmin Generation in a Single Well
08:01

The Nijmegen Hemostasis Assay: Simultaneous Fluorogenic Measurement of Thrombin and Plasmin Generation in a Single Well

Published on: February 27, 2026

[Notes on laboratory coagulation testing for acquired hemophilia A].

Kagehiro Amano1

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan. kamano@tokyo-med.ac.jp

Rinsho Byori. the Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology
|November 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare bleeding disorder caused by FVIII autoantibodies. Prompt diagnosis through APTT and FVIII activity tests is crucial for patient survival.

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Measurement of Factor V Activity in Human Plasma Using a Microplate Coagulation Assay
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A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time
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A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time

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The Nijmegen Hemostasis Assay: Simultaneous Fluorogenic Measurement of Thrombin and Plasmin Generation in a Single Well
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Measurement of Factor V Activity in Human Plasma Using a Microplate Coagulation Assay
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A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time
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A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time

Published on: February 14, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Coagulation Disorders

Context:

  • Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare but serious bleeding disorder.
  • It is caused by autoantibodies targeting coagulation factor VIII (FVIII).
  • AHA has a significant mortality rate (7.9-25%), underscoring the need for rapid diagnosis.

Purpose:

  • To outline diagnostic strategies for Acquired hemophilia A.
  • To differentiate AHA from other bleeding disorders like lupus anticoagulant.
  • To detail laboratory methods for accurate FVIII inhibitor detection.

Summary:

  • Diagnosis of AHA involves identifying isolated prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in patients with spontaneous bleeding.
  • Confirmation requires measuring reduced FVIII activity (without decreased von Willebrand factor) and FVIII inhibitor titer.
  • APTT cross-mixing tests, factor assays at higher dilutions, and Bethesda assay are key diagnostic tools.

Impact:

  • Accurate and timely diagnosis of AHA improves patient outcomes and reduces mortality.
  • Understanding diagnostic nuances helps clinicians distinguish AHA from other conditions.
  • Standardized laboratory testing ensures reliable detection of FVIII inhibitors.