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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats
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Published on: May 6, 2021

Repeated testing improves long-term retention relative to repeated study: a randomised controlled trial.

Douglas P Larsen1, Andrew C Butler, Henry L Roediger

  • 1Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. larsend@neuro.wustl.edu

Medical Education
|November 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Repeated testing significantly improves long-term retention of medical information compared to repeated study. This educational strategy enhances learning beyond simple assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Learning Sciences

Background:

  • Laboratory studies suggest repeated testing enhances information retention more than repeated study.
  • Prior research focused on short recall intervals, limiting real-world applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if repeated testing improves long-term knowledge retention in a real-world educational setting.
  • To assess the efficacy of repeated testing versus repeated study at a 6-month recall interval.

Main Methods:

  • Paediatric and emergency medicine residents participated in a didactic conference.
  • Residents were randomized to either repeated testing or repeated study groups for two topics.
  • Testing and studying occurred at intervals, with feedback provided after tests, followed by a 6-month final assessment.

Main Results:

  • Repeated testing resulted in final test scores 13% higher than repeated study.
  • The difference in retention was statistically significant (P < 0.001) at the 6-month interval.
  • Effect size (d=0.91) indicated a large impact of repeated testing on long-term retention.

Conclusions:

  • Repeated testing with feedback significantly enhances long-term retention of information from didactic conferences.
  • Testing should be viewed as a learning tool, not solely an assessment method.
  • This approach holds potential for improving medical education outcomes.