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Related Concept Videos

Nature and Nurture01:10

Nature and Nurture

Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience, such as differences...
Overview of Protein Metabolism01:21

Overview of Protein Metabolism

Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion. Unlike fats and carbohydrates, which are stored for later use, proteins are not. Instead, amino acids are either used to produce ATP through oxidation or contribute to the creation of new proteins for the growth and repair of the body. Any surplus amino acids from the diet are converted into glucose or triglycerides rather than excreted.
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...

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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Nutritional deficiencies during normal growth.

David L Suskind1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. david.suskind@seattlechildrens.org

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|November 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Common nutritional deficiencies in children, like iron and vitamin D, are often missed in healthy, growing kids. Early identification of these deficiencies is crucial for maintaining a child

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Clinical Pediatrics

Background:

  • Nutritional deficiencies are a significant concern in pediatric care.
  • Classic deficiency presentations are well-known, but subclinical forms in healthy children are often overlooked.
  • Iron and vitamin D deficiencies are surprisingly prevalent in asymptomatic, normally growing children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common and less common nutritional deficiencies in otherwise normally growing children.
  • To highlight the importance of recognizing these deficiencies despite the absence of overt symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pediatric nutritional deficiencies.
  • Focus on iron and vitamin D deficiencies as the most common examples.
  • Discussion of other less frequent deficiencies in healthy pediatric populations.

Main Results:

  • Iron and vitamin D deficiencies are the most frequent nutritional deficits in growing children.
  • These deficiencies can significantly impact a child's health, even without classic symptoms.
  • Subclinical deficiencies require clinical attention.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatricians must consider common deficiencies like iron and vitamin D in all children, including those growing normally.
  • Awareness and screening for these deficiencies are essential for optimal child health outcomes.
  • Further research into less common deficiencies in this population is warranted.