Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Phylum Proteobacteria01:26

Bacterial Phylum Proteobacteria

Proteobacteria, one of the largest and most diverse bacterial phyla, encompasses a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria distinguished by their outer membrane composed of lipopolysaccharides. These microorganisms exhibit various metabolic capabilities, including phototrophy, chemolithotrophy, and heterotrophy, and thrive in diverse environments from soil to aquatic systems and host-associated niches. The phylum is divided into six classes: Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria,...
Inhibitors of Gram-positive Cell Wall Synthesis01:23

Inhibitors of Gram-positive Cell Wall Synthesis

Bacterial cell walls are typically rigid structures composed mainly of peptidoglycan, a mesh-like polymer that provides mechanical strength and maintains cell shape. The synthesis of peptidoglycan is a crucial process in bacterial growth and serves as a primary target for many antibiotics.Mechanism of Action of Beta-Lactam AntibioticsBeta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis in actively growing cells. These antibiotics share a characteristic four-membered...
Bacterial Meningitis01:24

Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease involving inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when pathogenic bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. Common causative organisms include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli K1. The exact route of entry varies by pathogen and host condition.Routes of Entry...
Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...
Differential Staining Technique01:26

Differential Staining Technique

Differential staining is an essential microbiological technique that exploits variations in cell wall structures to classify and identify microorganisms. It facilitates the distinction of bacteria, aiding in diagnostic and research applications. Two of the most widely used differential staining methods are Gram staining and acid-fast staining, both of which rely on the chemical and structural differences in bacterial cell walls.Gram Staining TechniqueGram staining differentiates bacteria by...
Bacterial Phylum Actinobacteria01:30

Bacterial Phylum Actinobacteria

Coryneform bacteria are gram-positive, aerobic, nonmotile rods that exhibit irregular, club-shaped, or V-shaped arrangements. Their V-shape results from snapping division, where the inner cell wall layer forms the cross-wall, while the outer layer remains intact until it ruptures on one side, causing the daughter cells to bend away.The primary genera are Corynebacterium and Arthrobacter. Corynebacterium includes diverse species, ranging from saprophytes to pathogens like Corynebacterium...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Development and Application of a Desirability of Outcome Ranking (DOOR) Endpoint for Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections.

Open forum infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Resistance to novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors among carbapenem-resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and clinical implications in the prospective observational <i>Pseudomonas</i> study.

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy·2026
Same author

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Bloodstream Infections Caused by Metallo-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales in Argentina: A Subanalysis of the EMBARCAR Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Open forum infectious diseases·2026
Same author

A patient-centric paradigm and tool for clinical research: the DOOR is open.

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy·2025
Same author

Interagency Collaboration for Patient-Centered Antibacterial Drug Development.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2025
Same author

A Systematic Review of Health-Related Quality-of-Life Measurement in Patients With Complicated Urinary Tract Infections.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Rapid Identification of Gram Negative Bacteria from Blood Culture Broth Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry
13:29

Rapid Identification of Gram Negative Bacteria from Blood Culture Broth Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Published on: May 28, 2014

Gram-negative bloodstream infections.

Martin E Stryjewski1, Helen W Boucher

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires, Argentina. stryj001@mc.duke.edu

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
|November 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gram-negative bloodstream infections (BSI) are a growing concern due to increasing antimicrobial resistance. Optimizing current antibiotic use and implementing strict infection control are crucial for managing these dangerous infections.

More Related Videos

Preparation of a Blood Culture Pellet for Rapid Bacterial Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing
11:25

Preparation of a Blood Culture Pellet for Rapid Bacterial Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

Published on: October 15, 2014

One-day Workflow Scheme for Bacterial Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Resistance Testing from Blood Cultures
08:30

One-day Workflow Scheme for Bacterial Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Resistance Testing from Blood Cultures

Published on: July 9, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Rapid Identification of Gram Negative Bacteria from Blood Culture Broth Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry
13:29

Rapid Identification of Gram Negative Bacteria from Blood Culture Broth Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Published on: May 28, 2014

Preparation of a Blood Culture Pellet for Rapid Bacterial Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing
11:25

Preparation of a Blood Culture Pellet for Rapid Bacterial Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

Published on: October 15, 2014

One-day Workflow Scheme for Bacterial Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Resistance Testing from Blood Cultures
08:30

One-day Workflow Scheme for Bacterial Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Resistance Testing from Blood Cultures

Published on: July 9, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Gram-negative bloodstream infections (BSI) pose significant clinical challenges.
  • Incidence increases with age, with some gender-specific differences in etiology and acquisition.
  • Rising antimicrobial resistance, particularly extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and carbapenem resistance, limits treatment options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges and current landscape of Gram-negative BSI.
  • To highlight the impact of antimicrobial resistance on treatment efficacy and mortality.
  • To emphasize the need for optimized antibiotic strategies and infection control.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and epidemiological trends.
  • Analysis of resistance patterns in Gram-negative pathogens.
  • Discussion of therapeutic options and clinical management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms causing BSIs.
  • Association of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing pathogens with higher mortality.
  • Controversy surrounding cefepime's safety profile in BSI treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management requires understanding local epidemiology to guide therapy.
  • Antimicrobial development lags behind resistance, necessitating judicious use of existing drugs.
  • Rigorous infection control measures are essential to prevent and combat Gram-negative BSIs.