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Does an obese body mass index affect hospital outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery?

Amy M Engel1, Sarah McDonough, J Michael Smith

  • 1E. Kenneth Hatton, MD, Institute for Research and Education, Good Samaritan Hospital, 375 Dixmyth Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA. amy_engel@trihealth.com

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|November 26, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Obese patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery face no increased risk of mortality or morbidity. Underweight patients, however, exhibit a higher risk for adverse outcomes after CABG surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Surgical Outcomes
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Obesity is a prevalent health issue in the U.S., affecting over one-third of adults.
  • Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is increasingly common among obese individuals.
  • Evaluating the impact of body mass index (BMI) on CABG outcomes is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and in-hospital mortality and morbidity following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
  • To determine if BMI is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes after CABG.
  • To compare risks across different BMI categories.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of a cardiac surgery database from January 2003 to December 2007.
  • Inclusion of 10,590 patients who underwent CABG surgery.
  • Categorization of body mass index (BMI) into underweight, normal weight, obese, and morbidly obese groups for regression analysis.

Main Results:

  • Obese patients (BMI 30-39) and morbidly obese patients (BMI >= 40) did not show increased risk for morbidity or mortality post-CABG.
  • Underweight patients (BMI <= 19) demonstrated the highest risk for mortality, prolonged ventilation, reoperation for bleeding, and renal failure.
  • Underweight patients experienced longer hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stays.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity (BMI 30-39) is not an independent predictor of morbidity or mortality after CABG, despite associated comorbidities.
  • Underweight patients (BMI <= 19) face significantly greater risks for mortality and complications following CABG surgery.
  • BMI stratification is important for risk assessment in patients undergoing CABG.
Abstract

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