Detection of avian influenza virus subtype H5 using a biosensor based on imaging ellipsometry

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Biosensor Technology
• Virology

Background:

• Avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a significant threat to poultry and public health.
• Accurate and rapid detection of specific AIV subtypes, such as H5, is crucial for disease control.
• Current diagnostic methods may have limitations in sensitivity or multiplexing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate a novel biosensor for the detection of avian influenza virus subtype H5.
• To evaluate the performance of the biosensor in terms of speed, specificity, and sensitivity.
• To compare the biosensor's capabilities with existing diagnostic assays like lateral-flow immunoassays.

Main Methods:

• Immobilization of monoclonal antibodies specific to H5 hemagglutinin on silicon wafers.
• Utilization of high spatial resolution imaging ellipsometry (IE) for surface change visualization.
• Capture of H5 virus particles by immobilized antibodies and detection of surface alterations.

Main Results:

• Demonstrated rapid and specific identification of avian influenza virus subtype H5.
• Achieved higher sensitivity compared to traditional lateral-flow immunoassays.
• Showcased the capability for simultaneous multiplexed testing.

Conclusions:

• The developed imaging ellipsometry biosensor is a promising tool for avian influenza virus subtype H5 detection.
• The biosensor offers advantages in sensitivity and multiplexing, potentially improving diagnostic workflows.
• Further development could establish this biosensor as a valuable diagnostic tool for AIV surveillance and control.