Rare chromosomal aberrations induced by vincristine. Partial endoreduplication and pseudoendoreduplication,...

Vincristine (VCR) is capable of inducing a cell containing both conventional chromosomes (monochromosomes) and diplochromosomes. A total of 124 such metaphases were examined by 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and fluorescence plus Giemsa (FPG) technique to analyze cell cycle kinetics. The majority of cells (119 metaphases) showed differential BrdU incorporation between the two kinds of chromosomes, indicating that partial endoreduplication occurred in these cells. In addition, existence of partially endoreduplicated cells with premature chromosome condensation (PCC) in either mono- or diplochromosomes suggests that the timing of monochromosome-replication was very variable in individual cells. On the other hand, the remaining five metaphases showed that both mono- and diplochromosomes incorporated BrdU similarly, indicating that diplochromosomes are formed by pseudoendoreduplication. Two kinds of chromosomal aberrations probably caused by delay of DNA synthesis on chromosome segments, segmental endoreduplication, and segmental PCC were also reported. Segmental endoreduplication was defined as endoreduplication that occurred on some segments of chromosomes. Out of 119 partially endoreduplicated cells, 3 contained a chromosome consisting of both mono- and diplochromosomal segments, indicating that the former segments missed one round of DNA synthesis. Segmental PCC was defined as PCC restricted to only some segments of chromosomes. Two types of segmental PCC, segmental S-PCC and G2-PCC, were observed in VCR-induced ordinary polyploidy. Although both segmental endoreduplication and segmental PCC occurred with very low frequency, these phenomena suggest that DNA synthesis was disturbed in some part of the nucleus.