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Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
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A physiological role for gene loops in yeast.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Yeast Genetics
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • DNA loops form between gene promoter and terminator regions in yeast and mammalian cells.
  • Loop formation is dependent on transcription and requires pre-mRNA 3'-end processing factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the persistence of DNA looping at the yeast GAL10 gene after transcriptional cycles.
  • To determine the correlation between persistent looping and transcriptional memory.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of DNA looping dynamics in yeast.
  • Monitoring gene reactivation kinetics of GAL10 and GAL1p-SEN1 reporter following activation/repression cycles.

Main Results:

  • DNA looping at the GAL10 gene persists after a cycle of transcriptional activation and repression.
  • GAL10 and GAL1p-SEN1 exhibit rapid reactivation kinetics, indicating transcriptional memory.
  • Persistent gene looping correlates with the observed transcriptional memory.

Conclusions:

  • Gene looping plays a role in establishing transcriptional memory in yeast.
  • Persistent DNA loops may facilitate rapid gene reactivation after repression.