Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...

Transcription Elongation Factors

Transcription Elongation Factors

Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...

Transcription Elongation Factors

Transcription Elongation Factors

Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

ATRX loss couples genome instability at a G-rich repeat to dysregulation of human alpha-globin expression.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Elongation roadblocks mediated by dCas9 across human genes modulate transcription and nascent RNA processing.

Nature structural & molecular biology·2023

Same author

Letter to the Editor.

Genes & development·2023

Same author

Author Correction: Mechanisms of lncRNA biogenesis as revealed by nascent transcriptomics.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2022

Same author

Counteracting chromatin effects of a splicing-correcting antisense oligonucleotide improves its therapeutic efficacy in spinal muscular atrophy.

Cell·2022

Same author

Mechanisms of lncRNA biogenesis as revealed by nascent transcriptomics.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure

CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure

Published on: September 14, 2018

Gene loops function to maintain transcriptional memory through interaction with the nuclear pore complex.

Sue Mei Tan-Wong¹, Hashanthi D Wijayatilake, Nick J Proudfoot

¹Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom.

Genes & Development

|November 26, 2009

Summary

Yeast genes retain transcriptional memory through memory gene loops (MGLs), enabling faster reinduction. These MGLs interact with the nuclear pore complex, facilitating rapid gene expression responses.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure

CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure

Published on: September 14, 2018

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Yeast Genetics
Gene Regulation

Background:

Inducible genes in yeast exhibit a short-term transcriptional memory.
This memory allows for faster reactivation after periods of repression.
This rapid response is crucial for adapting to environmental changes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the molecular mechanism behind yeast transcriptional memory.
To identify the structural elements involved in maintaining gene expression memory.
To understand the role of gene looping and nuclear pore interactions in this process.

Main Methods:

Analysis of HXK1 and GAL1FMP27 gene expression in yeast.
Investigation of gene loop interactions using chromatin conformation capture techniques.
Study of mutant strains (sua7-1, mlp1Delta) to assess memory loss.
Examination of RNA polymerase II recruitment and mRNA accumulation rates.

Main Results:

Transcriptional memory is linked to gene loop interactions between gene promoters and 3' ends (MGLs).
Maintenance of MGLs during repression is essential for rapid RNA polymerase II recruitment and faster mRNA accumulation upon reinduction.
The sua7-1 mutant and the INO1 gene, lacking MGLs, do not show enhanced reinduction.
MGLs interact with the nuclear pore complex via myosin-like protein 1 (Mlp1), and Mlp1 deletion disrupts MGLs and transcriptional memory.

Conclusions:

Memory gene loops (MGLs) are key structural components mediating yeast transcriptional memory.
MGLs facilitate rapid gene reactivation by enhancing RNA polymerase II recruitment.
Interaction with the nuclear pore complex, mediated by Mlp1, is critical for MGL maintenance and transcriptional memory.
Gene loop conformations are predicted to enhance gene expression by enabling swift responses to environmental stimuli.