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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Single-plant, Sterile Microcosms for Nodulation and Growth of the Legume Plant Medicago truncatula with the Rhizobial Symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti
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Published on: October 1, 2013

Water-tolerant legume nodulation.

Ward Capoen1, Sofie Goormachtig, Marcelle Holsters

  • 1Department of Disease and Stress Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|November 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Water-tolerant legumes use crack entry nodulation for survival in wet conditions. This process involves specific molecular pathways and calcium signals for bacterial entry, differing from root hair nodulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Microbiology
  • Legume Research

Background:

  • Legumes in wet habitats exhibit water-tolerant nodulation.
  • This adaptation involves intercellular bacterial invasion at lateral root bases.
  • Sesbania rostrata serves as a model for studying crack entry nodulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms of crack entry nodulation in Sesbania rostrata.
  • To compare crack entry nodulation with root hair curl nodulation.
  • To understand the role of Nodulation Factor (NF) signaling in this process.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of nodulation modes in Sesbania rostrata.
  • Investigation of ethylene-dependent pathways in crack entry.
  • Analysis of Nodulation Factor (NF) structure requirements and calcium signaling.

Main Results:

  • Crack entry nodulation utilizes an ethylene-dependent, Sym gene-independent pathway.
  • This pathway involves local cell death during bacterial invasion.
  • NF structure requirements are less stringent for crack entry than root hair entry.
  • A specific NF-induced calcium spiking signature is observed.

Conclusions:

  • Water-tolerant nodulation in Sesbania rostrata is a distinct process from root hair nodulation.
  • Ethylene signaling and specific calcium dynamics are crucial for crack entry.
  • These mechanisms facilitate bacterial entry in legumes adapted to wet environments.