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Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

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Hiding and finding: the relationship between visual concealment and visual search.

Daniel Smilek¹, Laura Weinheimer, Donna Kwan

¹Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. dsmilek@uwaterloo.ca

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

|November 26, 2009

Summary

Researchers explored visual concealment by examining how people create and navigate difficult-to-find objects. Findings suggest visual search principles can inform a theory of visual concealment.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Visual Perception

Background:

Understanding visual concealment is crucial for developing comprehensive theories of visual perception.
Existing research on visual search difficulty provides a foundation for exploring concealment.
The relationship between search difficulty factors and concealment has not been fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether individuals utilize known visual search difficulty factors when creating concealed object displays.
To determine if these self-generated concealment displays impact subsequent visual search performance.
To establish the link between visual search principles and the development of a visual concealment theory.

Main Methods:

Experiment 1: Participants created easy and hard-to-find visual displays using various objects (shapes, faces, graphemes).
Analysis of display creation: Examined factors like eccentricity, target-distractor similarity, and feature presence/absence.
Experiment 2: A separate group of participants performed visual search tasks in the created displays.

Main Results:

Participants in Experiment 1 successfully manipulated search difficulty using established visual search factors.
Search performance in Experiment 2 was significantly harder in the 'hard' concealment displays compared to 'easy' displays.
Experiments 3 and 4 confirmed the utility of feature presence/absence in varying search difficulty across novel stimuli.

Conclusions:

A strong correlation exists between factors influencing visual search difficulty and those governing visual concealment.
Principles of visual search can be extended to form a foundational theory of visual concealment.
This research provides initial steps toward a unified theory encompassing both search and concealment phenomena.