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Dislocation of the knee.

F J Frassica1, F H Sim, J W Staeheli

  • 1Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|February 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Complete knee dislocation often involves vascular and ligament injuries. Early surgical repair of both popliteal artery and knee ligaments improves patient outcomes, with saphenous vein grafts showing high success rates.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Trauma Care

Background:

  • Complete knee dislocation is a severe injury often associated with vascular and ligamentous damage.
  • Popliteal artery injury is a critical complication that can lead to limb loss if not managed promptly.
  • Ligamentous instability following dislocation requires timely surgical intervention for optimal functional recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review treatment outcomes for patients with complete knee dislocation, focusing on vascular and ligamentous injuries.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of saphenous vein bypass grafts in popliteal artery reconstruction.
  • To assess the impact of early open ligament repair on functional results.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 17 patients with complete knee dislocation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of associated vascular and ligamentous injuries.
  • Evaluation of surgical repair techniques for popliteal artery injuries and ligamentous disruptions.

    • Main Results:

    • Eight out of nine patients (89%) with popliteal artery injury achieved successful arterial reconstruction using saphenous vein bypass grafts.
    • Intraoperative arteriography revealed complications such as anastomosis narrowing (22%) and distal thrombi (55%) requiring revision.
    • Early open ligament repair resulted in satisfactory outcomes for eleven patients, whereas delayed repair yielded less favorable results.

    Conclusions:

    • Saphenous vein bypass grafting is a highly effective method for reconstructing the popliteal artery in cases of complete knee dislocation.
    • Timely arterial repair is crucial to prevent failure, as demonstrated by the single case of arterial repair failure due to delay.
    • Early open ligament repair significantly improves functional outcomes in patients with complete knee dislocation and associated ligamentous injuries.