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Phosphate removal from source separated urine by electrocoagulation using iron plate electrodes.

Xiang-yong Zheng1, Hai-Nan Kong, De-yi Wu

  • 1School of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, No 276, Xue-Yuan Road, Lu-cheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China. oakinyard@163.com

Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
|November 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Electrocoagulation effectively removes phosphate from human urine. Optimal conditions include a current density of 40 mA/cm2 and 20 minutes electrolysis for nearly complete phosphate removal.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Water Treatment Engineering
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Phosphate in human urine poses environmental challenges.
  • Effective methods for phosphate removal from urine are needed.
  • Electrocoagulation is a promising technique for wastewater treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate phosphate removal from human urine using electrocoagulation with iron electrodes.
  • To determine the optimal parameters for efficient phosphate removal.
  • To evaluate the impact of current density, electrode gap, urine dosage, dilution, and hydrolysis on phosphate removal.

Main Methods:

  • Electrocoagulation using iron electrodes.
  • Systematic variation of current density, electrode gap, urine dosage, and dilution.
  • Optimization of electrolysis time and stirring speed.
  • Analysis of phosphate removal efficiency and energy consumption.

Main Results:

  • Optimal conditions for nearly complete phosphate removal (98%) were identified: 40 mA/cm2 current density, 20 min electrolysis time, 5 mm electrode gap, and 150 rpm stirring speed for 1.0 L pure urine.
  • Increased electrode gap increased energy consumption with minimal impact on phosphate removal.
  • Higher urine dosage reduced removal efficiency but increased total removed phosphate.
  • Dilution with tap water expedited electrolysis but increased energy consumption.
  • Urine hydrolysis prior to electrocoagulation hindered phosphate removal.

Conclusions:

  • Electrocoagulation with iron electrodes is effective for phosphate removal from human urine.
  • Optimized parameters are crucial for balancing phosphate removal efficiency, energy consumption, and electrode material usage.
  • Dilution and hydrolysis strategies require careful consideration to avoid negative impacts on the electrocoagulation process.