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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum01:26

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum

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Perineal Layer
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Quantification System
03:49

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Quantification System

Published on: September 20, 2018

Racial differences in pelvic organ prolapse.

Emily L Whitcomb1, Guri Rortveit, Jeanette S Brown

  • 1From the Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California; Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Norway; Research Unit for General Practice, Unifob Health, Bergen, Norway; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California; and Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California.

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|November 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

White and Latina women face a significantly higher risk of symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse compared to African-American women. Objective measurements also show increased prolapse risk in white women.

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Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
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Laparoscopic Non-Mesh Cerclage Pectopexy with Uterine Preservation for Pelvic Organ Prolapse

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Quantification System
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Published on: September 20, 2018

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07:41

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Laparoscopic Non-Mesh Cerclage Pectopexy with Uterine Preservation for Pelvic Organ Prolapse
03:30

Laparoscopic Non-Mesh Cerclage Pectopexy with Uterine Preservation for Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: October 25, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Urogynecology
  • Pelvic Floor Disorders
  • Reproductive Health

Background:

  • Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common condition affecting women's quality of life.
  • Racial and ethnic disparities in POP prevalence and risk factors are not fully understood.
  • Objective measurement of prolapse using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) system provides standardized assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the prevalence, risk factors, and bother associated with subjectively reported and objectively measured pelvic organ prolapse.
  • To investigate the influence of race and ethnicity on pelvic organ prolapse.
  • To analyze data from a diverse, population-based cohort of middle-aged and older women.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based cohort study of 2,270 women aged 55 years on average.
  • Subjective assessment of symptomatic prolapse and bother.
  • Objective measurement of prolapse using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) system in 1,137 women.
  • Multivariable logistic regression to identify associations between prolapse, race, and risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Symptomatic prolapse was reported by 3% of women.
  • White and Latina women had a 4-5 times higher risk of symptomatic prolapse compared to African-American women.
  • White women had a 1.4-fold higher risk of objective prolapse (leading edge at or beyond hymen) than African-American women.
  • Race was not associated with the level of bother reported.

Conclusions:

  • Latina and white women experience a disproportionately higher risk of symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse.
  • Objective prolapse measurements indicate a higher risk in white women compared to African-American women.
  • These findings highlight racial disparities in pelvic organ prolapse and inform targeted prevention and treatment strategies.