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Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

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Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...

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A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments

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Acute necrotizing encephalopathy.

Sucheta Yadav¹, Chandan Jyoti Das, Vikram Kumar

¹Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

|November 26, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANEC), a rare condition, is described in a case from the Indian subcontinent, presenting unique neuroimaging findings. The study highlights an associated P. vivax infection and the treatment administered for this rare neurological disorder.

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Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

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Published on: July 4, 2007

Area of Science:

Neurology
Infectious Diseases
Radiology

Background:

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANEC) is a rare, severe neurological disorder primarily reported in Japan.
ANEC has not been previously documented in the Indian subcontinent, making this case report significant for regional medical literature.

Observation:

The case involves a patient presenting with clinical and neuroimaging features consistent with ANEC.
Associated findings revealed Plasmodium vivax infection, a common parasitic disease in the Indian subcontinent.

Findings:

Detailed neuroimaging findings characteristic of ANEC are presented.
The co-occurrence of ANEC and P. vivax malaria is documented, suggesting a potential link or co-morbidity.

Implications:

This report expands the known geographical distribution of ANEC.
It underscores the importance of considering ANEC in patients with encephalopathy, especially when co-infected with malaria in endemic regions.
The findings may guide diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for ANEC in the Indian subcontinent.