Biosensing applications of clay-modified electrodes: a review

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Two-dimensional layered inorganic solids, including cationic clays and layered double hydroxides (LDHs), possess unique open structures.
• These structures facilitate interactions with enzymes and the intercalation of redox mediators, making them promising for biosensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the utility of clays and LDHs as host matrices for enzyme immobilization on electrode surfaces.
• To provide a comprehensive overview of electrochemical biosensors developed using these 2D layered materials.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on clays and LDHs in biosensor development.
• Analysis of different biosensor configurations and their transduction methods.

Main Results:

• Clays and LDHs demonstrate significant potential for immobilizing enzymes for biosensing.
• Various electrochemical biosensor designs utilizing these materials have shown considerable advances.

Conclusions:

• 2D layered materials like clays and LDHs are highly suitable for creating robust and efficient electrochemical biosensors.
• Continued research in this area promises further innovation in biosensor technology.