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Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Cognitive Function and Upper Limb Rehabilitation Training Post-Stroke Using a Digital Occupational Training System
07:35

Cognitive Function and Upper Limb Rehabilitation Training Post-Stroke Using a Digital Occupational Training System

Published on: December 29, 2023

Strength training improves upper-limb function in individuals with stroke: a meta-analysis.

Jocelyn E Harris1, Janice J Eng

  • 1Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Stroke
|November 27, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Strength training improves arm and hand strength and function after stroke. This meta-analysis found significant benefits for grip strength and upper-limb function, with no adverse effects reported.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Cognitive Function and Upper Limb Rehabilitation Training Post-Stroke Using a Digital Occupational Training System
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Application of a Dual Upper Limb Task-Oriented Robotic System for the Functional Recovery of the Upper Limb in Stroke Patients
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Published on: October 11, 2024

Enhancing Upper Limb Function and Motor Skills Post-Stroke Through an Upper Limb Rehabilitation Robot
04:49

Enhancing Upper Limb Function and Motor Skills Post-Stroke Through an Upper Limb Rehabilitation Robot

Published on: September 6, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neurorehabilitation
  • Clinical Trials
  • Evidence-Based Practice

Background:

  • Stroke frequently results in reduced maximal voluntary force in arm and hand muscles.
  • Upper-limb strength training is a key intervention for functional recovery post-stroke.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the efficacy of strength training on upper-limb strength and function in stroke survivors.
  • To assess the impact of strength training on activities of daily living and identify any adverse effects.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted, searching literature from 1950 to April 2009.
  • Included studies focused on strength training interventions for stroke patients, measuring strength, upper-limb function, and daily living activities.
  • Pooled effect sizes were calculated using random-effect models to determine the standardized mean difference (SMD).

Main Results:

  • Thirteen trials involving 517 individuals were analyzed, revealing significant improvements in grip strength (SMD=0.95, P=0.04) and upper-limb function (SMD=0.21, P=0.03).
  • Strength training demonstrated a significant positive effect on upper-limb function in individuals with mild (SMD=0.26, P=0.01) and moderate (SMD=0.45, P=0.03) motor impairment.
  • No significant treatment effect was observed for activities of daily living, and no adverse effects were reported across the included trials.

Conclusions:

  • Strength training is an effective intervention for enhancing upper-limb strength and function in stroke survivors.
  • The benefits of strength training were observed without an increase in muscle tone or pain.
  • This evidence supports the integration of strength training programs into stroke rehabilitation protocols.