Detection of virulent Marek's disease virus in poultry in India

Marek's disease virus (MDV) isolated from poultry flocks in three states of India was monitored for the virus occurrence in the field. The MDV genome was isolated from feather follicles, spleen, and liver of the chicken (173 samples). Twenty two samples were positive for MDV genome in PCR and belonged to the serotype 1. The sequencing of MEQ gene of 11 samples revealed that nucleotide sequences of the isolate Ind-KA-01-06 was similar to the very virulent MDV, strain RB-1B. In situ hybridization studies also confirmed a presence of MDV serotype 1 in the infected liver tissues. Furthermore, the ability of the virus to induce apoptosis detected by flow cytometry showed that the virulent MDV induced apoptosis more efficiently than Turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vaccine virus. The present study showed the presence of virulent/very virulent MDV strains in the Indian poultry flocks.